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What is Biodiversity? The term biodiversity is derived from the words biological diversity by the entomologist Edward O. Wilson and simply refers to the variety of life.  This includes the whole range of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, invertebrates, plants, fungi and micro-organisms.  It includes both common and rare species as well as the genetic diversity within species. Biodiversity also refers to the habitats that support these species. Oakwood Reserve, Staffordshire Doxey Marsh, Staffordshire